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Alternative and Advanced Fuels, 2012

2012-04-13
The 12 papers in this technical paper collection discuss alternative and advanced fuels. Topics covered include diesel fuel lubricity determination, fuel effects on deposits, cold weather issues, environmental and toxicological impacts of new fuels, and more. The 12 papers in this technical paper collection discuss alternative and advanced fuels. Topics covered include diesel fuel lubricity determination, fuel effects on deposits, cold weather issues, environmental and toxicological impacts of new fuels, and more.
Collection

Powertrains, Fuels & Lubricants - Advanced Vehicle Technology Competitions, 2012

2012-09-18
The 13 technical papers in this collection cover the work done by student teams in the EcoCAR 2: Plugging in to the Future competition series, sponsored by General Motors and the U.S. Department of Energy. This includes powertrain architecture selection, control system modeling and simulation, and energy storage system design and component packaging.
Collection

Powertrains, Fuels & Lubricants - Alternative and Advanced Fuels, 2012

2012-09-18
The 13 technical papers in this collection focus on the fundamental properties of fuels and methods for measuring these properties, as well as issues related to fuel storage and transportation. Examples include diesel fuel lubricity determination, fuel effects on deposits, cold weather issues, and environmental and toxicological impacts of new fuels.
Collection

Brake - Braking for Electric and Hybrids & Actuation, 2012

2012-09-23
The 9 technical papers in this collection cover the evolving demands on brake systems driven by hybrid and electric vehicle architectures are providing opportunity for new component and brake system configurations and a demand for greater integration of the brake control system with overall vehicle controls.
Collection

Vehicle Dynamics, Stability and Control, 2014

2014-04-01
This technical paper collection is focused on vehicle dynamics and controls using modeling and simulation, and experimental analysis of passenger cars, heavy trucks, and wheeled military vehicles. The papers address active and passive safety systems to mitigate rollover, yaw instability and braking issues; driving simulators and hardware-in-the-loop systems; suspension kinematics and compliance, steering dynamics, advanced active suspension technologies; and tire force and moment mechanics.
Collection

Brake - Technology/Rotos/Calipers/Foundation Brake Integration, 2012

2012-09-23
The 9 technical papers in this collection focus on innovations on rotors, calipers and overall brake system technologies, and also on their integration to the vehicle. The scope of coverage includes performance enhancements, drag reduction, weight reductions and thermal management by new designs and innovative materials.
Collection

Advanced Vehicle Technology Competitions, 2014

2014-04-01
The EcoCAR 2: Plugging in to the Future student vehicle competition, sponsored by General Motors and the U.S. Department of Energy, tasks university teams with designing, implementing and refining advanced powertrains into a conventional midsize sedan. This technical paper collection presents yearly results from teams in the competition, highlighting the entire EcoCAR vehicle development process.
Collection

Alternative and Advanced Fuels, 2013

2013-04-09
The 23 papers in this technical paper collection focuses on the fundamental properties of fuels and methods for measuring these properties, as well as issues related to fuel storage and transportation. Examples include diesel fuel lubricity determination, fuel effects on deposits, cold weather issues, and environmental and toxicological impacts of new fuels.
Collection

Natural Gas Engines and Vehicles, 2013

2013-04-09
The 9 papers in this technical collection cover fuel injection, combustion, controls, performance and emissions of SI engines fueled with methane based fuels such as natural gas, producer gas, coke oven gas or hydrogen-natural gas blends.
Collection

Vehicle Dynamics, Stability and Control, 2015

2015-04-14
This technical paper collection is focused on vehicle dynamics and controls using modeling and simulation, and experimental analysis of passenger cars, heavy trucks, and wheeled military vehicles. The papers address active and passive safety systems to mitigate rollover, yaw instability and braking issues; driving simulators and hardware-in-the-loop systems; suspension kinematics and compliance, steering dynamics, advanced active suspension technologies; and tire force and moment mechanics.
Journal Article

Thermo-Mechanical Coupled Analysis-Based Design of Ventilated Brake Disc Using Genetic Algorithm and Particle Swarm Optimization

2021-08-24
Abstract The brake discs are subjected to thermal load due to sliding by the brake pad and fluctuating loads because of the braking load. This combined loading problem requires simulation using coupled thermo-mechanical analysis for design evaluation. This work presents a combined thermal and mechanical finite element analysis (FEA) and evolutionary optimization-based novel approach for estimating the optimal design parameters of the ventilated brake disc. Five parameters controlling the design: inboard plate thickness, outboard plate thickness, vane height, effective offset, and center hole radius were considered, and simulation runs were planned. A total of 27 brake disc designs with design parameters as recommended by the Taguchi method (L27) were modeled using SolidWorks, and the FEA simulation runs were carried out using the ANSYS thermal and structural analysis tool.
Journal Article

Impact of Rear Spoiler on Vehicle Braking Longitudinal Dynamics

2021-04-30
Abstract During vehicle braking, friction forces generated on the vehicle tires and the vehicle resisting aerodynamic forces play a critical role that impact the vehicle’s longitudinal braking dynamics such as stopping distance and time. These forces are mainly the tires’ braking and rolling resisting forces, vehicle lift, and drag forces. The vehicle aerodynamic forces cannot be neglected due to their impact on the vehicle’s longitudinal dynamics, especially at high vehicle speeds. This article investigates the impact of the vehicle’s rear spoiler on both vehicle aerodynamic forces and longitudinal dynamic, such as stopping distance and time. A computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model using ANSYS-Fluent® is employed to precisely estimate the vehicle’s aerodynamic forces in the case of a vehicle without and with a rear spoiler.
Journal Article

A Predictive Tool to Evaluate Braking System Performance Using Thermo-Structural Finite Element Model

2019-10-14
Abstract The braking phenomenon is an aspect of vehicle stopping performance where with kinetic energy due to the speed of the vehicle is transformed into thermal energy produced by the brake disc and its pads. The heat must then be dissipated into the surrounding structure and into the airflow around the brake system. The thermal friction field during the braking phase between the disc and the brake pads can lead to excessive temperatures. In our work, we presented numerical modeling using ANSYS software adapted in the finite element method (FEM), to follow the evolution of the global temperatures for the two types of brake discs, full and ventilated disc during braking scenario. Also, numerical simulation of the transient thermal analysis and the static structural analysis were performed here sequentially, with coupled thermo-structural method.
Journal Article

Influence of Intelligent Active Suspension System Controller Design Techniques on Vehicle Braking Characteristics

2018-12-04
Abstract This article presents a comprehensive investigation for the interaction between vehicle ride vibration control and braking control using two degrees of freedom (2DOF) quarter vehicle model. A typical limited bandwidth active suspension system with nonlinear spring and damping characteristics of practical hydraulic and pneumatic components is controlled to regulate both suspension and tire forces and therefore provide the optimum ride comfort and braking performance of an anti-lock brake system (ABS). In order to design a suitable controller for this nonlinear integrated system, various control techniques are followed including state feedback tuned using Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR), state feedback tuned using Genetic Algorithm (GA), Proportional Integrated (PI) tuned genetically, and Fuzzy Logic Control (FLC). The ABS control system is designed to limit skid ratio below threshold of 15%.
Journal Article

Studies on Friction Mechanism of NAO Brake-Pads Containing Potassium Titanate Powder as a Theme Ingredient

2017-09-17
Abstract Potassium titanate (KT) fibers/whiskers are used as a functional filler for partial replacement of asbestos in NAO friction materials (FMs). Based on little information reported in open literature; its exact role is not well defined since some papers claim it as the booster for resistance to fade (FR), or wear (WR) and sometimes as damper for friction fluctuations. Interestingly, KT fibers and whiskers (but not powder) are proved as carcinogens by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). However, hardly any efforts are reported on exploration of influence of KT powder and its optimum amount in NAO FMs (realistic composites) in the literature. Hence a series of five realistic multi-ingredient compositions in the form of brake-pads with similar parent composition but varying in the content of KT powder from 0 to 15 wt% (in the steps of 3) were developed. These composites were characterized for physical, mechanical, chemical and tribological performance.
Journal Article

Disc Pad Physical Properties vs. Porosity: The Question of Compressibility as an Intrinsic Physical Property

2017-09-17
Abstract Disc pad physical properties are believed to be important in controlling brake friction, wear and squeal. Thus these properties are carefully measured during and after manufacturing for quality assurance. For a given formulation, disc pad porosity is reported to affect friction, wear and squeal. This investigation was undertaken to find out how porosity changes affect pad natural frequencies, dynamic modulus, hardness and compressibility for a low-copper formulation and a copper-free formulation, both without underlayer, without scorching and without noise shims. Pad natural frequencies, modulus and hardness all continuously decrease with increasing porosity. When pad compressibility is measured by compressing several times as recommended and practiced, the pad surface hardness is found to increase while pad natural frequencies and modulus remain essentially unchanged.
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